据离岸工程3月8日报道称，由于美国页岩油产量的持续增长以及墨西哥湾沿岸石油出口能力的提高，美国石油和液体燃料的出口不久将超过沙特阿拉伯。

能源研究和商业情报公司Rystad Energy表示，这是一个关键的地缘政治转变。几十年来，美国一直依靠大规模进口来满足其对石油的需求，但这种情况即将发生变化。

美国能源情报署（EIA）上周报告说，美国出口的原油和石油产品超过了进口。当然，EIA本周发布了一份报告称，美国原油库存在一周内增加了710万桶，这主要得益于美国炼油厂对进口重质原油的兴趣重新燃起。

然而，在今年剩余时间里，美国出口将快速增长，价格差异越来越大，而美国对进口重油的需求将再次减少。

Rystad Energy资深合伙人Per Magnus Nysveen表示：“石油市场过度关注美国短期原油库存，但总体情况说明了一个新问题。越来越有利可图的页岩油生产以及全球对轻质油和汽油的强劲需求将使美国在未来几年内处于石油主导地位。”

他补充说：“全球贸易的这种转变已经产生了巨大的政治和经济影响，并且在未来五年内将变得更加关键。由于美国石油和天然气净出口的快速增长，美国的贸易逆差将会消失，其外债将很快得到偿还。油轮航运业将迎来千禧年的繁荣，因为来自美国的多余化石燃料将在快速增长的亚洲找到大量热切的买家。”

徐蕾 摘译自 离岸工程

原文如下：

US to Overtake Saudi in Oil Exports

United States will soon export more oil and liquids than Saudi Arabia, thanks to the continued rise in oil production from US shale plays and the increased oil export capacity from the Gulf Coast.

According to Rystad Energy, energy research and business intelligence company, it is a a pivotal geopolitical shift. The US has for decades relied on large-scale imports to satisfy its thirst for oil, but this is about to change.

The Energy Information Administration (EIA) reported last week that the United States exported more crude and petroleum products than it imported. Granted, the EIA followed up with a report this week that US crude oil stocks had risen by 7.1 million barrels in a week, driven by a renewed appetite among US refineries for imported heavy crude oil.

However, for the rest of the year, US exports will grow fast with increasingly attractive price spreads, while US demand for imported heavy oil should again diminish.

“The oil market is overly preoccupied with short-term US crude stocks, but the big picture tells a new story. Increasingly profitable shale production and a robust global appetite for light oil and gasoline is poised to bring the US to a position of oil dominance in the next few years,” said Rystad Energy senior partner Per Magnus Nysveen."

He added: “The political and economic impact of this shift in global trade has already been dramatic, and will be even more pivotal within the next five years. The US trade deficit will evaporate and its foreign debt will be paid quickly thanks to the swift rise of American oil and gas net exports. The tanker shipping industry will see the boom of the millennium, as the excess fossil fuels from America will find plenty of eager buyers in fast-growing Asia."